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W. W. ABBOTT. SEWING MACHINE.

No. 66,440. Fatemi-.d July 9, 1867.

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4%... W. aux@ A .tititn tetris atrat @fitta WILLIAM VW. ABBOTT, OFBOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS.

` Leners Param: No. 66,440, mamy 9, 1867.

IMPROVEMENT IN SEWING MGH'INES.

TO ALL WHOM IT MAY CONCERN:

Be it known that I, WI'L'LIAM W. ABBOTT, of the city of Boston, countyof Suffolk, State of Massachusetts, have invented certain new a'nduseful Improvements in Sewing Machines; `and do hereby declare that the*following is a full and correct description of the construction andoperation lthereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings,forming a part of this specification, in which the same letters indifferent views refer to like parts.

Figure 1 is a sideivew of the machine.

Figure 2 is an under side view of the same, a part of the standard Abeing removed.

Figure 3 is aside view of the cup with its plate down.

Figure 4 is a side view of same with plate up.

Figure 5 is a side view ofthe slotted cup and its hook, with thestationary take-up, and the elastic metallic take-up, just as saidelastic metallic take-up leaves the needle-loop preparatory to its beingdrawn up into the,

fabric by the formation of the second loop.

Figure G is an end'viewof the same from-the back side, with part oftheeup out away.

Figure 7 is a side view of front and back part of spool-case. .i I

Figure 8 is a front view of front part of same.-

Figure 9 is a back view of back part of same.

Figure 10-is a view of the lock-stitch and ofthe combination called theembroidery-stitch and of the single; chain stitch..

My improvements relate principally to thatclass of sewing machines whichmake the lock orsbuttle-stitch from two commonstore spools of threadwithout re-winding, and'which employ the feeding device of ordinarysewing machines; and consist in, first, an elastic metallic take-upbelow the bed-plate, giving all the advantages of other elasticsubstances, and enabling the operator to sew dierent thicknesses offabric without extra change of tension .or strain of thread, while it ismore durable and more easily adjusted; second, in so arranging.themachinery as to enable the operator to make either'` the lock-stitchor the combination of leek and singlestitch, called theembroidery-stitch or the single-chain stitch, at will; third, in L theformation and action of a double feed-cam, so as to feed the fabriceither forward or backward, at the choice of the operator,

A is the arm or frame of the machine, to which the table orplate B isattached bythe screws S. Driving-shaft O and needle-shaft Opass throughsaid frame. C i`s the needle-bar passing through theV head of arm A. Eis the presser-bar, to which is attached a foot, as in other machines incommon use, with spiral spring aroundthe bar below where it passesthrough the head of tbe-arm A., so as to produce the proper pressure onthe fabric between said foot and the plate. .l is the lifting-cam on thepresser-bar, which raises it as needed. n is the needle. a is screwholding `the same in the needle-bar. X is the connecting-link unitingthe needle-bar with crank F on the shaft O. L is the crank, unitingshaft O with arm M by the pin N. P is' the screw which attaches armM--topulley Q. R is rthe set-screw fastening the pulley to shaft O. .Yis a sliding-collar on shaft 0p'rovided with cams 1 2 3 (see figs. 1 and2) for giving motion to the feed-bar. W is the lever, whichv is attachedto `plate B by a screw, l. b is'a pin attached thereto, which moves thecollar and reverses the feed. 4 is an annular groove formed on theperiphery offthe sliding-collar, which carries the feed cams to receivethe' pin b. e is the cheek-piece'to regulate the length of stitch. -Visthe spring-wire operating on the feed to give it lthe proper movement.One end is secured to the machine by screw S. The other end is attachedto the feed-dog. This spring isbent, as shown in fig. 2; `passes betweenthe pins Uvon the lever W.. By changing the position of this lever, asshown in red and black lines, the direction of the force exercised bythe spring on the feed-dog is changed. fff is the feed-frame, andj lcare projections on feed-frame. j, being pressed by cam 2, givestheforward motion to feed-frame. k, when in contact with cam 3, gives thereverse motion to the feedframe. Cath 1 is pressed against thefeed-frame to give it the upper motion. 5 is a cam attached to the hubof cup Z for the purpose of giving the lever g a vibrating motion. g isa vibrating lever having a projecting arm, g', which, beingvibrated bylever g, comes in contact with guard T of the spool-case, thus causingthe spool-case to vibrate. n is a spiral spring which surroundsthelprojecting arm g. Its force is exercised to press the lever g againstcam 5. The feed-frame is suspended from 'the table or plate by means ofa pivotingf assae over the ed c" P a t rod or shaft, p, which passesthrough the cars j" thereof, and throughthe lugs t on the under side ofthe table. d is a screw fastening the metallic take-up s to the backpart-of cup Z. s is the pin attached to the spring or metallic take-up.-r is the front part or guard of the spool-case. y is the back part ofsame. z'is the stationary lip-or take-up attached to the back part ofthe piecey of the spool-case. o is a forked plate secured to theunderside otlthe table, and preventing the spool-case from revolvingwith cup Z.` Z is a. grooved andslotted cup. T is the upper spool andthread held to the frame by rod K.' H is the tension-plate over whichthe thread T passes, and against which it is pressed by spring X. u is ascrew for regulating the pressurelot` the spring upon the thread. I isthe thread-guide attached to the needlebar. w is the under spool. DDarel collars on shaft O, held by screws e. Red lines on gsfl, 5, and 6represent the upper thread. Blue lines on gs. 1, 2, and 8 represent thelower thread. H is the under tension-spring on spool-case. X, a screwregulating the same. r is a screw holding front and back portions ofspool-case together.

To enable othcrsskilled in the art to make 'and use my invention, Iwillproceed to describe its construction and operation. p v,

.It will be observed that the elastic metallic take-up is attached tothe cup and revolves with it, but may be placed in any other position,only that it must operate so as to control the slack thread from theupper loop, by an elastic hold of the same, releasing the loop in timeto be drawn into the fabric by the formation ofthe next loop as it isdrawn bythe hook around the spool-case. The advantage of a metallicelastic substance, compared withleather, bristles, or any other yieldingsubstance, is because'of itssuperior durability and surety of action atproper time and place. The under spool is held on a screw passingthrough the ears of the front of thc spool-case r; and the feeding-ofthefa'biic forward is similar' to that of other machines in common use,by the means of a roughened feeding surface on thc feed-frame, andbybeing pressed bya camabove the plate in contact with the cloth, andthen pressing iti-against the presserAfoot, and moving sufficiently inline with the plate -asl to cause the cloth tobecarried enough to makethe length of stitch. The feed-framethen drops down beyond the cloth,releasing it, while it moves back, forming the four motions, or up anddown and forwardand backward feed. 4

.My improvement consists `in moving cams for operating the feed-frame,so as to produce the forward or the backward feed of thc cloth, atthcwill ofthe operator,by the simple movement of the lever which lshiftsthe bearing-cams. This part of my improvement is not limited to thisclass of machines, but may be adapted to many others; and its advantageconsists in simplicity and certainty of action.

I It is well known that there are three stitches which are consideredthe best forrdiil'erent kinds of work, cach having its peculiaradvantage. First may be considered the lock or shuttle-stitch, which,for beauty and durability, is unsurpassed by any other. Second, and-nextbest, is the single-chain stitch, which possesses great elasticity, andcan bc easily taken out if desired. The next is the combination of thelock and single-stitch, or what maybe called an embroidery-stitch,enabling the operator to ornament garments by producing an interlacedstitch on one side, which .may be of variegated colors to please thefancy. Thisstitch is very durable.

My improvements consist in the .arrangements of machinery enabling theoperator to form on one machine-` either stitch, by a simple process,without the necessity of re-winding the thread, all-of which I willfurther describe.V y

l Themovement of the pulley givcs'the. required motion to the undershaft, causing the revolutionof the` cupZ which contains the spool-caser y which `holds the spool w. There is attached to the cup by screws thehook L, which in its revolution catches the'needle-loop that has beenbrought down through the fabric by the downward movement of the needle.This motion of the needle is produced by the revolution of the pulleyQ',

gij/ing a circular motionto the lower endfcthe co'nnectingrod M, whichis attached to the crank L, and produces a rocking movement whichcausessthe shaft O to partially revolvefthus giving to crank F a.rocking .i motion that causes the needle-bar to move up 'and down ateach revolution yof the-pulley. The edge ofthe spool-case, -as seen ings'. 7 and 9, is made to tit in the groove Z in 'cup Z, which groove maybe seen in figs. 3

and 4, and is prevented from turning with-fthe cup bythe fork o which isfastened on plate B, (see fw. 2.) As

- the hook revolves and takes hold ofthe' loop of thread that has beenformed` by the movement of the needle below the fabric, and is beingcarried around the spool-case, it is spread by the wedged shape of theIhook h, so

as to cause the back portion thereof to pass into the slot on the cupback of thelhook, and is then carried'against and over the spool-case1f' and y. Now, by the actioniof cam 5 on the lever g, the vibrating armg is pressed against the end of guard r, thus holding the spool-casefrom contact with fork 'o, allowing 'a free passage for y the loopbetween the upper endof spool-case and fork '0, after which, by theaction of the coiled spring n upon lever f/,f-the arm g is moved fromguard 1', thus causing the upper end of the spool-*case to rest againstfork o, allowing a free passage for the loop between guard r and arm g.It will be seen that -when the loop is carried alittle beyond half itspassage over thc spool-case that it comes in contact with the stationarytake-up or hook lwhich is attached to the spool-case, and that portionof theloopis so held as to 'allow the pin s to come in vcontact withthethread close to and inside of the .hook z', and by the continuousmovement ofthe cup it winds up the extra slack-of the loop, so as totake it oif the hooklz, and holds it long enough to prevent being againcaught, as shown in figs. and As the pin Sf'passes beyond the range ofthread it leaves the loop caught on hook z'yand-as the hook h catchesthe second loop it draws the first loop up into the fabric, and by itsline of draught is relieved from the hook The cup has a slot in theside, back of thc hook, allowing the back portion of the loop 'to passdown inside the cup, 'as' secnin iig. 1. There is also attached to thiscup a movable n in tig. 3, is placed back from the edge lof the cup,thereby causing the thread, in its 'tochange its position, so as to passthe thread over the point of the needle and above its so that the'pointof the'liook takes the next loop belowthe crossing'ofthe thread on theneedle, thereby plate, m, which, as see eye,

forming the combination or emln'oidery-stitch, as itdraws up the bite ofthread from the under spool inte thev fabric. By cutting off or leavingout the under thread, the crossing of this thread, as the loop passesover the spool-case and the succeeding loop, forms'the single-thread orchain-stitch. The plate m, in iig. 4, is placed on theedgc ofthe cup,causing the loop, in its movement, to be dividedand pass each side ofthe needlegrasping the bite of lower thread, forming the single-lock orshuttle-stitch. The under thread passes from thespool inside the case,between the under tension-spring H- and the upper end of' the case,allowing the necessary tension to be given to the under thread, and isthen passed through theend of the case to the cloth, as seen in g. 8.The fced-framefff is moved by the cams 1, 2, and 3. Cam 1, beingfastened permanently to the shaft, raises the feed above the plate tothe cloth as it feeds the same. Cams 2 3 and groove 4 are attached toorare parts of the sliding-collar Y, being feathered on the shaft, so asto move freely with -the line of shaft. When the lever Wis intheposition shown'in block lines in fig. 2, the cam 2 comes in contactwith pioJ'ecticiriyI on the feed-framefff, and produces the necessaryforward movement;` the return motion being communicated by spring V. Bychanging the position of the lever W tothat shown in red lines infig.,2, the pin b, acting in the groove 4, moves the sliding-collar onthe shaft, and also acting on the incline of the spring V, changes thedirection of its pressure. In this posit-ion the cam 2 produces thebackward motion and the .spring V the forward motion. i

I do not claim making the lock-stitch from two common store spoolswithout re-windingof thread; neither do I claim an elastic take-up belowthe cloth when .made of any other substance excepting metal; and I donot claim a reversible feed when produced by-any method other-'than bymovable cams, such having been done before. h

I do not claim a reversible feed when either compound levers or doublesprings are employed; neither do I claim making an embroidery-stitchfrom two commercial spools when the loop of thread does not pass over a.commercial spool, or when it is not formed by the combination of thelockl and single-chain stitch.

What I do claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent,is

1. I claim the movable plate m, or its equivalent, in combination withthe revolving cup Z and the hook l, when so constructed and arranged asto `form the lock-stitch, the embroidery-stitch, and the single-chainstitch at the will of the operator, substantially as set forth and forthe purpose described.

2. I claim an elastic metallic take-up upon the revolving cup Z,constructed and operating substantially as set forth for the purposespecified. Y Y

3. I claim the combination of a sliding-collar with cams l, 2, and andannular groove 4, with pin b, lever W, and spring V, and pins U forchanging or reversing the feed motions of sewing machines, as described.

i 4. I claim the combinationr of the stationary take-up t' with anelastic metallic revolving tri-heup s, as set forth for thc purposespecified.

5. I claim the combination of a spool-case and a grooved and slotted.cup with its hook and' movable plate m for purposes specified, asdescribed.

. v WM. W. ABBOTT.

Witnesses: 4

E. L. PRATT, Cims. SMEAD.

